What is Operating System ?
Modern general-purpose computers, including personal computers and mainframes, have an operating system to run other programs, such as application software. Examples of operating systems for personal computers include Microsoft Windows, Mac OS (and Darwin), Unix, and Linux.
In Simple words, Operating System is a interface between computer's Hardware and application.operating system is a big topic so i am not going to cover each and every thing here.
I will post here all the basic things about operating systems which i think you should know.

